Judgment Day: Intelligent Design on Trial features trial reenactments based on court transcripts and interviews with key participants, including expert scientists and Dover parents, teachers and town officials as it follows the celebrated federal case of Kitzmiller v Dover School District (Pennsylvania, US). In 2004, the Dover school board ordered science teachers to read a statement to high school biology students suggesting that there is an alternative to Darwin's theory of evolution called intelligent design (the idea that life is too complex to have evolved naturally and therefore must have been designed by an intelligent agent). The teachers refused, and parents opposed to intelligent design filed a lawsuit in federal court accusing the school board of violating the constitutional separation of church and state. In this program, the arguments by lawyers and expert witnesses are presented in riveting detail and provide an eye-opening crash course on questions such as 'What is evolution?' and 'Is intelligent design a scientifically valid alternative?' Kitzmiller was the first legal test of intelligent design as a scientific theory, with the plaintiffs arguing that it is a thinly veiled form of creationism, the view that a literal interpretation of the Bible accounts for all observed facts about nature. During the trial, lawyers for the plaintiffs showed that evolution is one of the best-tested and most thoroughly confirmed theories in the history of science, and that its unresolved questions are normal research problems - the type that arise in any flourishing scientific field. US District Court Judge John E. Jones III ultimately decided for the plaintiffs, writing in his decision that intelligent design 'cannot uncouple itself from its creationist, and thus religious, antecedents. For years to come, the lessons from Dover will continue to have a profound impact on how science is viewed in our society and how it is taught in the classroom.